Supreem Circuits Diagram and Projects: Computer Related

Best Start-up Aid for PCs

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Since one of the servers owned by the author would not start up by itself after a power failure this little circuit was designed to perform that task. </div>
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The older PC that concerned did have a standby state, but no matching BIOS set-ting that allows it to start up unattended. Although a +5 V standby supply voltage is available, you always have to push a but-ton for a short time to start the computer up again. Modern PCs often do have the option in the BIOS which makes an automatic start after a power outage possible. After building in the accompanying circuit, the PC starts after about a second. Incidentally, the push-button still functions as before. </div>
 <img alt="Start-up-Aid for-PCs-Circuit Diagram" border="0" height="296" src="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-rSjSsio7W_k/UKFRthgTEuI/AAAAAAAAKFk/nm7dFnBzQsA/Start-up-Aid%252520for-PCs-Circuit%252520Diagram_thumb%25255B4%25255D.png?imgmax=800" style="border: 0px none; display: block; float: none; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" title="Start-up-Aid for-PCs-Circuit Diagram" width="450" /> <br />
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The circuit is built around two golden oldies: a NE555 as single-shot pulse generator and a TL7705 reset generator. The reset generator will generate a pulse of about 1 second after the supply voltage appears. The RC circuit between the TL7705 and the NE555 provides a small trigger pulse during the falling edge of the 1 second pulse. The NE555 reacts to this by generating a nice pulse of 1.1RC. During that time the output transistor bridges the above mentioned pushbutton switch of the PC, so it will start obediently. </div>
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<img alt="Pcs" border="0" height="240" src="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-FurtCkee154/UKFRwusZ_UI/AAAAAAAAKF0/4TZGGCNfFQ0/Pcs_thumb%25255B4%25255D.png?imgmax=800" style="border: 0px none; display: block; float: none; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" title="Pcs" width="214" /><br />
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Other applications that require a short duration contact after the power supply returns are of course also possible.</div>
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Author : Egbert Jan van den Bussche – Copyright : Elektor</div>
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Best Start-up Aid for PCs

Since one of the servers owned by the author would not start up by itself after a power failure this little circuit was designed to perfor...

PC Power Saver

Computer Related 05:42

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This  circuit is designed to help minimise the  quiescent power consumption  of PCs and  notebooks, using just our old friend the 555  timer and a  relay as the main components. The  circuit itself dissipates around 0.5 W  in operation (that is, when the connected PC is on);  when switched off  (with the relay not energised) the total power draw is precisely zero. A  prerequisite for the circuit is a PC or note book with a USB or PS/2  keyboard socket that  is powered only when the PC is on. The power saver  can be used to switch PCs  or even whole multi-way extension leads. The  unit can be built  into  an  ordinary  mains  adaptor (which must have  an earth  pin!) as the photograph of the  author‘s prototype shows. The   PC is plugged in to the socket  at the output of the power saver  unit,  and an extra connection  is made to the control input of  the unit from  a PS/2 (keyboard or mouse) socket or USB port. Only  the 5 V supply  line of the interface is used. </div>
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<a href="http://lh4.ggpht.com/-FBqO_xtqd4U/TxsTaZR3b6I/AAAAAAAAEco/JAcFWWdEnj4/s1600-h/PC%252520Power%252520Saver%252520Image%25255B3%25255D.jpg" target="_blank"><img alt="PC Power Saver Image" border="0" height="227" src="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-2xl64benqvg/TxsTbtvh-9I/AAAAAAAAEcw/HS3lnM6JhUo/PC%252520Power%252520Saver%252520Image_thumb%25255B1%25255D.jpg?imgmax=800" style="border: 0px none; display: block; float: none; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" title="PC Power Saver Image" width="150" /></a>   </div>
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<b>PC Power Saver Image</b></div>
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When button S1 on the power saver  is pressed  the unit turns on, and the  monostable formed by the 555 timer is   triggered via the network composed by  R4 and C7. This drives relay RE1,  whose contacts close. The connected PC is now tentatively powered up  via the relay for a period  determined  by  P1  (approximately in the  range from 5 s to 10 s). If, during this interval, the PC fails to  indicate  that it is alive by supplying 5 V from its USB or  PS/2  connector (that is, if you do not switch  it on), the monostable period  will expire, the  relay will drop out and any connected device  will be  powered down. No further current will  be drawn from the supply, and, of  course, it  will not be possible to turn the PC on. When-ever you want  to turn the PC on, you must  always press the button on the power saver   shortly beforehand. </div>
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If, however, 5 V is delivered by the PC to  the  input of optocoupler IC2 before the monostable times out (which  will be the case if the  PC is switched on during that period), the   transistor in the optocoupler will conduct  and discharge capacitor C6.  The monostable  will now remain triggered and the relay will  remain  energised until the PC is switched off  and power disappears from its  USB or PS/2  interface. Then, after the monostable time  period expires,  the relay will drop out and the  power saver will disconnect itself  from the mains. There is no need to switch anything  else off: just shut  down the system and the  power saver will take care of the rest. </div>
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<b><span style="color: blue;">Circuit diagram :</span></b>  </div>
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<a href="http://lh6.ggpht.com/-I4oqcnG_xO4/TxsTdKJyyfI/AAAAAAAAEc4/x_wocQJwAPI/s1600-h/PC%252520Power%252520Saver-Circuit-Diagram%25255B4%25255D.png" target="_blank"><img alt="PC Power Saver-Circuit-Diagram" border="0" height="411" src="http://lh6.ggpht.com/-v9zspc41OKU/TxsTfEby-kI/AAAAAAAAEdA/zUb1gHJ-zUg/PC%252520Power%252520Saver-Circuit-Diagram_thumb%25255B2%25255D.png?imgmax=800" style="border: 0px none; display: block; float: none; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" title="PC Power Saver-Circuit-Diagram" width="450" /></a>  </div>
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<b>PC Power Saver Circuit Diagram </b></div>
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It  is also  possible to leave the machine as it updates its  software, and  the power saver will do its job  shortly after the machine shuts down.  Power for the unit itself is obtained using a  simple supply circuit  based around a miniature transformer. Alternatively, a 12 V mains   adaptor can be used, as long as a relay with a  12 V coil voltage is  used for RE1. In his proto-type the author used a relay with a 24 V  coil  connected as shown directly to the positive  side of reservoir  capacitor C2, the 555 being  powered from 12 V regulated from that  sup-ply using R1 and D1. A fixed resistor can of  course be used in  place of P1 if desired. If the  adjustment range of P1 is not sufficient  (for  example if the PC powers up very slowly) the  monostable period  can be increased by using  a larger capacitor at C6.  The relay must  have at least two normally-open (or changeover) contacts rated at at   least 8 A. The contact in parallel with S1 is used to supply power to  the device  itself, and the other contact carries  all the current for  the connected  PC  or  for  the  ex tension  lead  to  which  the  PC   and  peripherals  are  connected. </div>
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Pushbutton S1 <b>must be rated for 230 VAC  (US: 120 VAC) operation</b>:  this is no place to  make economies. The coil current for the relay   flows through LED D5, which must therefore  be a 20 mA type. If a  low-current LED is used,  a 120 Ω resistor can be connected in parallel  with it to carry the remaining current.  The Fujitsu FTR-F1CL024R relay  used in the  author’s prototype has a rated coil current of  16.7 mA.  Optocoupler IC2 provides isolation between  the circuit and the PC, and  is protected from  reverse polarity connection by diode D4. The power  saver should be built into an insulated enclosure and great care should  be  taken to ensure that there is proper isolation  between components  and wires carrying the  mains voltage and the other parts of the  circuit. In particular, the connection to the PC  and associated  components (R6, C5, D4 and  IC2) should be carefully arranged with at  least  a 6 mm gap between them and any part of  the circuit at mains  potential. </div>
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Source by : <a href="http://streampowers.blogspot.com/2012/06/pc-power-saver.html" target="_blank">Streampowers.blogspot.com </a></div>
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PC Power Saver

This circuit is designed to help minimise the quiescent power consumption of PCs and notebooks, using just our old friend the 5...

PIC Controlled Relay Driver

Computer Related 05:34

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This  circuit is a relay driver that is based on a PIC16F84A microcontroller.  The board includes four relays so this lets us to control four distinct  electrical devices. The controlled device may be a heater, a lamp, a  computer or a motor. To use this board in the industrial area, the  supply part is designed more attentively. To minimize the effects of the  ac line noises, a 1:1 line filter transformer is used.</div>
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<img alt="PIC-Controlled-Relay Driver Final" border="0" height="320" src="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-rIGoTLZUXiA/TkF7T89aS_I/AAAAAAAADPc/XmiipHZLDQ4/PIC-Controlled-Relay%252520Driver%252520Final_thumb%25255B4%25255D.jpg?imgmax=800" style="border: 0px none; display: block; float: none; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" title="PIC-Controlled-Relay Driver Final" width="305" /></div>
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The  transformer is a 220V to 12V, 50Hz and 3.6VA PCB type transformer. The  model seen in the photo is HRDiemen E3814056. Since it is encapsulated,  the transformer is isolated from the external effects. A 250V 400mA  glass fuse is used to protect the circuit from damage due to excessive  current. A high power device which is connected to the same line may  form unwanted high amplitude signals while turning on and off. To bypass  this signal effects, a variable resistor (varistor) which has a 20mm  diameter is paralelly connected to the input.<br />
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 <a href="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-gbOsy0sA5AQ/TkF7Wd38sNI/AAAAAAAADPg/caKOnwLVLOY/s1600-h/Controller-Schematic%252520Circuit%25255B6%25255D.jpg" target="_blank"><img alt="Controller-Schematic Circuit" border="0" height="364" src="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-ZR0CIcIigR8/TkF7XjhLzXI/AAAAAAAADPk/9_eNTk-WDBs/Controller-Schematic%252520Circuit_thumb%25255B4%25255D.jpg?imgmax=800" style="border: 0px none; display: block; float: none; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" title="Controller-Schematic Circuit" width="450" /></a> </div>
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Another protective component on the AC line  is the line filter. It minimizes the noise of the line too. The  connection type determines the common or differential mode filtering.  The last components in the filtering part are the unpolarized 100nF 630V  capacitors. When the frequency increases, the capacitive reactance (Xc)  of the capacitor decreases so it has a important role in reducing the  high frequency noise effects. To increase the performance, one is  connected to the input and the other one is connected to the output of  the filtering part.<br />
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<a href="http://lh4.ggpht.com/-C5sIs1sFdbY/TkF7YSVFUFI/AAAAAAAADPo/ZbRXHAQtMJ8/s1600-h/Supply-Schematic%252520circuit%25255B7%25255D.jpg" target="_blank"><img alt="Supply-Schematic circuit" border="0" height="75" src="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-i_FW4OHIa3I/TkF7ZOF1orI/AAAAAAAADPs/kcom3r4z6nY/Supply-Schematic%252520circuit_thumb%25255B5%25255D.jpg?imgmax=800" style="border: 0px none; display: block; float: none; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" title="Supply-Schematic circuit" width="450" /></a></div>
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After the filtering part, a 1A bridge diode  is connected to make a full wave rectification. A 2200 uF capacitor then  stabilizes the rectified signal. The PIC controller schematic is given  in the project file. It contains PIC16F84A microcontroller, NPN  transistors, and SPDT type relays. When a relay is energised, it draws  about 40mA. As it is seen on the schematic, the relays are connected to  the RB0-RB3 pins of the PIC via BC141 transistors. When the transistor  gets cut off, a reverse EMF may occur and the transistor may be  defected. To overcome this unwanted situation, 1N4007 diodes are  connected between the supply and the transistor collectors. There are a  few number of resistors in the circuit. They are all radially mounted.  Example C and HEX code files are included in the project file. It  energizes the next relay after every five seconds.</div>
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<b><span style="color: blue;">The components are listed below.</span></b> <br />
1 x PIC16F84A Microcontroller   <br />
1 x 220V/12V 3.6VA (or 3.2VA) PCB Type Transformer (EI 38/13.6)    <br />
1 x Line Filter (2x10mH 1:1 Transformer)    <br />
4 x 12V Relay (SPDT Type)    <br />
4 x BC141 NPN Transistor    <br />
5 x 2 Terminal PCB Terminal Block    <br />
4 x 1N4007 Diode    <br />
1 x 250V Varistor (20mm Diameter)    <br />
1 x PCB Fuse Holder    <br />
1 x 400mA Fuse    <br />
2 x 100nF/630V Unpolarized Capacitor    <br />
1 x 220uF/25V Electrolytic Capacitor    <br />
1 x 47uF/16V Electrolytic Capacitor    <br />
1 x 10uF/16V Electrolytic Capacitor    <br />
2 x 330nF/63V Unpolarized Capacitor    <br />
1 x 100nF/63V Unpolarized Capacitor    <br />
1 x 4MHz Crystal Oscillator    <br />
2 x 22pF Capacitor    <br />
1 x 18 Pin 2 Way IC Socket    <br />
4 x 820 Ohm 1/4W Resistor    <br />
1 x 1K 1/4W Resistor    <br />
1 x 4.7K 1/4W Resistor    <br />
1 x 7805 Voltage Regulator (TO220)    <br />
1 x 7812 Voltage Regulator (TO220)    <br />
1 x 1A Bridge Diode</div>
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PIC Controlled Relay Driver

This circuit is a relay driver that is based on a PIC16F84A microcontroller. The board includes four relays so this lets us to co...

Contrast Control for LCDs

Computer Related 12:45

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The  adjustment control for the contrast of an LC-Display is typically a  10-k potentiometer. This works fine, provided that the power supply  voltage is constant. If this is not the case (for example, with a  battery power supply) then the potentiometer has to be repeatedly  adjusted. Very awkward, in other words. The circuit described here  offers a solution for this problem. </div>
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The aforementioned potentiometer is intended  to maintain a constant current from the contrast connection (usually pin  3 or Vo) to ground. A popular green display with 2x16 characters  ‘supplies’ about 200 µA. At a power supply voltage of 5 V there is also  an additional current of 500 µA in the potentiometer itself. Not very  energy efficient either. Now there is an IC, the LM334, which, with the  aid of one resistor, can be made into a constant current source. The  circuit presented here ensures that there is a current of 200 µA to  ground, independent of the power supply voltage. By substituting a  2.2-k? potentiometer for R1, the current can be adjusted as desired.</div>
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Circuit diagram:The value of R1 can be calculated as follows: R1 =  227x10-6 x T / I. Where T is the temperature in Kelvin and I is the  current in ampères. In our case this results in:<br />
R1 = 227x10-6 x 293 /   <br />
(200x10-6)    <br />
R1 = 333R<br />
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Note that the current supplied by the LM334 depends  on the temperature. This is also true for the current from the display,  but it is not strictly necessary to have a linear relationship between  these two. Temperature variations of up to 10° will not be a problem  however. This circuit results in a power saving of over 25% with an LCD  that itself draws a current of 1.2 mA. In a battery powered application  this is definitely worth the effort! In addition, the contrast does not  need to be adjusted as the battery voltage reduces. When used with LCDs  with new technologies such as OLED and PLED it is advisable to carefully  test the circuit first to determine if it can be used to adjust the  brightness.</div>
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<b>Circuit diagram:</b><br />
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<b>Contrast Controller Circuit Diagram For LCDs</b></div>
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The value of R1 can be calculated as follows: R1 = 227x10-6 x T /  I. Where T is the temperature in Kelvin and I is the current in ampères.  In our case this results in:<br />
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<li>R1 = 227x10-6 x 293 / </li>
<li>(200x10-6) </li>
<li>R1 = 333R</li>
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<b>Note:</b>  <br />
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The  current supplied by the LM334 depends on the temperature. This is also  true for the current from the display, but it is not strictly necessary  to have a linear relationship between these two. Temperature variations  of up to 10° will not be a problem however. This circuit results in a  power saving of over 25% with an LCD that itself draws a current of 1.2  mA. In a battery powered application this is definitely worth the  effort! In addition, the contrast does not need to be adjusted as the  battery voltage reduces. When used with LCDs with new technologies such  as OLED and PLED it is advisable to carefully test the circuit first to  determine if it can be used to adjust the brightness.</div>
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Contrast Control for LCDs

The adjustment control for the contrast of an LC-Display is typically a 10-k potentiometer. This works fine, provided that the power sup...

PC Heat Monitor

Computer Related 12:05

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The  PC processor generates very high temperature during its operation   which is dissipated by the large heat sink placed above the processor.   If the heat sink assembly is not tight with the processor or the cooling   fan is not working, PC enters into the Thermal shutdown mode and will   not boot up. If the PC is not entering into thermal shutdown, the high   temperature can destroy the processor. This simple circuit can be  placed  inside the PC to monitor the temperature near the processor. It  gives  warning beeps when the temperature near the heat sink increases   abnormally. This helps to shutdown the PC immediately before it enters   into Thermal shutdown.</div>
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The  circuit uses a Piezo element (one used in Buzzer) as the heat  sensor.  The piezo crystals reorient when subjected to heat or mechanical  stress  and generates about one volt through the Direct piezoelectric   property. IC1 is designed as a voltage sensor with both the inputs tied   through the capacitor C1.The non inverting input is connected to the   ground through R1 to keep the output low in the standby state. The   inputs of IC1 are very sensitive and even a minute change in voltage   level will change the output state.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilzTyofccJxQevWDu7XV0QMf9a4IZu52ATJo1txbqNDnEo6ojgAezMX7L4_hNew2QeCj4TMv9Jlj9l8h6nwQKsx2KPQoycVJSNzZ4G0Ds4dDqOUcHD5w1908Dp67yzo3qFknbVdvJXgnE/s1600/PC-Heat-Monitor-Circuit-550x403.gif" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Circuit Project: PC Heat Monitor Circuit" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilzTyofccJxQevWDu7XV0QMf9a4IZu52ATJo1txbqNDnEo6ojgAezMX7L4_hNew2QeCj4TMv9Jlj9l8h6nwQKsx2KPQoycVJSNzZ4G0Ds4dDqOUcHD5w1908Dp67yzo3qFknbVdvJXgnE/s1600/PC-Heat-Monitor-Circuit-550x403.gif" title="Circuit Project: PC Heat Monitor Circuit" /></a></div>
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In  the standby mode, both the inputs of IC1 are balanced so that output   remains low. When the Piezo element accepts heat, it generates a minute   voltage which will upset the input balance and output swings high. This   triggers LED and Buzzer. Capacitor C2 gives a short lag before the   buzzer beeps to avoid false triggering. Warning beep continues till the   piezo element cools.</div>
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Note: Enclose the circuit inside  the PC with the piezo element close to  the heat sink of the processor.  Adjust the distance between the piezo  element and heat sink so as to  keep the circuit standby in the normal  condition. The piezo element can  sense a 10 degree rise in temperature  from a distance of 5 cms. Power  to the circuit can be tapped from the 12  volt line of SMPS.<br />
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<b>Source by : <a href="http://streampowers.blogspot.com/2012/08/pc-heat-monitor.html" target="_blank">Streampowers </a></b></div>
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PC Heat Monitor

The PC processor generates very high temperature during its operation which is dissipated by the large heat sink placed above the p...

Cross-Linking With Two Patch Cables

Computer Related 01:11

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In  networks, the supremacy of coax cable is a thing of the past.   Nowadays, Ethernet connections are made using UTP cables. The BNC plug   has yielded to the 8-way RJ45 plug. Previously, coax cables were   daisy-chained from computer to computer and terminated at the two ends   using 50-_ resistors, but modern networks use central ‘socket boxes’   (switches and/or hubs) to interconnect everything. The connections   between the hubs and the computers are made using patch cables having   the same sequence of leads in the RJ45 connectors at each end. For   making a direct connection between two computers without using a hub or   switch, a ‘crossover cable’ is used.<br />
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<img alt="Cross-Linking With Two Patch Cables" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5711999276343146594" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-_hIbN4VOwak/T0UZFA-4uGI/AAAAAAAAFqA/NBbNbqHSOp0/s400/Cross_Linking_With_Two_Patch_Cables_Circuit.jpg" style="display: block; height: 344px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 400px;" /><br />
<img alt="Cross-Linking With Two Patch Cables" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5711999284880841490" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-0sMySGDrbrk/T0UZFgybmxI/AAAAAAAAFqM/nqOeuXzyMUU/s400/Cross_Linking_With_Two_Patch_Cables_Circuit_Connection.gif" style="display: block; height: 309px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 400px;" /><br />
<img alt="Cross-Linking With Two Patch Cables" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5711999273314504738" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-4PK_iclwMMk/T0UZE1szUCI/AAAAAAAAFp0/R1BHpwtoQ9k/s400/Cross_Linking_With_Two_Patch_Cables.gif" style="display: block; height: 400px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 203px;" /><br />
<img alt="Cross-Linking With Two Patch Cables" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5711999312216174754" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-nqbe2KScRh0/T0UZHGnrsKI/AAAAAAAAFqU/qjj-SoeGv7E/s400/Cross_Linking_With_Two_Patch_Cables_Circuit_Diagram.gif" style="display: block; height: 399px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 275px;" />Such   a cable has the leads cross-linked in order to allow the two computers   to directly communicate with each other. If there are problems with  the  network, it can be handy to be able to directly interconnect  twocomputers, or directly connect a computer to a cable or ADSL modem   without using a hub or switch. A long crossover cable is not always   available, and shoving around computers is not an attractive   alternative. Consequently, we can use a dual RJ45 wall outlet box to   construct an adapter, which can be used to interconnect the two patch   cables coming from the equipment in question. This outlet box must be   wired to create a cross-linked connection. This is done by making the   following internal connections:</div>
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<li><span style="font-weight: bold;">1 → 3</span></li>
<li><span style="font-weight: bold;">2 → 6</span></li>
<li><span style="font-weight: bold;">3 → 1</span></li>
<li><span style="font-weight: bold;">4 → 4</span></li>
<li><span style="font-weight: bold;">5 → 5</span></li>
<li><span style="font-weight: bold;">6 → 2</span></li>
<li><span style="font-weight: bold;">7 → 7</span></li>
<li><span style="font-weight: bold;">8 → 8</span></li>
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<span style="font-weight: bold;">Source by : <a href="http://streampowers.blogspot.com/2012/08/cross-linking-with-two-patch-cables.html" target="_blank">streampowers </a></span></div>
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Cross-Linking With Two Patch Cables

In networks, the supremacy of coax cable is a thing of the past. Nowadays, Ethernet connections are made using UTP cables. The BNC ...

USB-Powered PIC Programmer

Computer Related 04:42

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This  simple circuit can be used to program the PIC16F84 and similar "flash  memory" type parts. It uses a cheap 555 timer IC to generate the  programming voltage from a +5V rail, allowing the circuit to be powered  from a computer’s USB port. The 555 timer (IC1) is configured as a  free-running oscillator, with a frequency of about 6.5kHz. The output of  the timer drives four 100nF capacitors and 1N4148 diodes wir-ed in a  Cockroft-Walton voltage multiplier configuration.</div>
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<b>Circuit diagram:</b><br />
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<b><a href="http://lh4.ggpht.com/-p6begNNsviA/TkGGimoww2I/AAAAAAAADQw/uKRV6Z7Qu7g/s1600-h/usb-powered-pic-programmer-circuit-diagramw%25255B6%25255D.jpg" target="_blank"><img alt="usb-powered-pic-programmer-circuit-diagramw" border="0" height="322" src="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-z--7NSv78N4/TkGGj3podVI/AAAAAAAADQ0/lt-093v4i3Y/usb-powered-pic-programmer-circuit-diagramw_thumb%25255B4%25255D.jpg?imgmax=800" style="border: 0px none; display: block; float: none; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" title="usb-powered-pic-programmer-circuit-diagramw" width="450" /></a></b></div>
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<b>USB-Powered PIC Programmer Circuit Diagram</b></div>
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The output of the multiplier is switched  through to the MCLR/Vpp pin of the PIC during programming via a 4N28  optocoupler. Diodes ZD1 and D5 between the MCLR/Vpp pin and ground clamp  the output of the multiplier to about 13.6V, ensuring that the maximum  input voltage (Vihh) of the PIC is not exceeded. A 100kΩ resistor pulls  the pin down to a valid logic low level (Vil) when the optocoupler is  not conducting. The circuit is compatible with the popular "JDM"  programmer, so can be used with supporting software such as "ICProg"  (see <span style="color: black;"><a href="http://www.ic-prog.com/" target="_blank">http://www.ic-prog.com</a>).</span></div>
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USB-Powered PIC Programmer

This simple circuit can be used to program the PIC16F84 and similar "flash memory" type parts. It uses a cheap 555 timer ...

Laptops Cord Stays off Your Lap with this Clip

Computer Related 08:07

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Someone just got this trick works on all the uni body Mac Books and helps keep your wires and cord under control.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjN3zMw75F5n29ggr1dEf1N53Su3vvuxzRzkL5JCpTiYyLPv0PSSPzCNlOVHCJ6LMq04aQu20neXt8H4HDhm13P6464cGQSVv3puL3sFIpZfv1dvG7yHTnXlqhyphenhyphenEmDrdPChbZLnrj_5FE0/s1600/laptops-cord-stays-off-your-lap-with-this-clip-1.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Hacks and Mods: Laptops Cord Stays off your Lap with this Clip" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjN3zMw75F5n29ggr1dEf1N53Su3vvuxzRzkL5JCpTiYyLPv0PSSPzCNlOVHCJ6LMq04aQu20neXt8H4HDhm13P6464cGQSVv3puL3sFIpZfv1dvG7yHTnXlqhyphenhyphenEmDrdPChbZLnrj_5FE0/s1600/laptops-cord-stays-off-your-lap-with-this-clip-1.jpg" title="Hacks and Mods: Laptops Cord Stays off your Lap with this Clip" /></a><br />
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<a href="http://lifehacker.com/#%215791354/get-better-control-over-your-macbooks-power-cord-with-its-built+in-wrapping-clip" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">This clip</a>   is especially bendy if you are lounging on the sofa with the   power-cord-side in towards the cushions. It keeps your MacBooks power   cord under control with this trick and to stop it from tugging in you.   Its built-in cable clip the one that keeps your cord wrapped around the   power brick and clip it to the side of your laptops screen.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-1s4YxqW878ZPx5nxpm4QcNsd8uC8GCgKqax1nFkb8yJidwM5O-5V1S6Ld3EtEyL0GPl3tKlDzzAQga-2XwuR-B8pU6iSJJgAp4OBC4cosxrms5CX6ze4L6lOO79GJqXiJBDpceDSIFU/s1600/laptops-cord-stays-off-your-lap-with-this-clip-2.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Hacks and Mods:   Laptops Cord Stays off your Lap with this Clip" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-1s4YxqW878ZPx5nxpm4QcNsd8uC8GCgKqax1nFkb8yJidwM5O-5V1S6Ld3EtEyL0GPl3tKlDzzAQga-2XwuR-B8pU6iSJJgAp4OBC4cosxrms5CX6ze4L6lOO79GJqXiJBDpceDSIFU/s1600/laptops-cord-stays-off-your-lap-with-this-clip-2.jpg" title="Hacks and Mods: Laptops Cord Stays off your Lap with this Clip" /></a></div>
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The cable pulls it up off your lap and keeps it neat and tidy not to mention free of crazy fall across the keyboard loops.</div>
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Source by : <a href="http://streampowers.blogspot.com/2012/08/single-cell-led-flashlight_17.html" target="_blank">Streampowers </a></div>
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Laptops Cord Stays off Your Lap with this Clip

Someone just got this trick works on all the uni body Mac Books and helps keep your wires and cord under control. This clip is ...

Bluetooth Keyboard Controls Dancing Hexapod

Computer Related 04:43

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<b>Presently,  production of robots of different types and functions are  rapidly  created to help people make their life easier. We can even  imagine how  the world would look like on the next decade to come. That  is – robots  do most of the work that people used to do.</b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi067LxIAgNr_ZSQtTDwUDGFVzfPw8YpEIFz6p1GStzagOcpG3HnaGc-Dlpo47rLXMA0TFVD9yA7tdm77eqswTyqvjzBSMZ5vE5ufTw8Ao5qLmJCgjz2GIJMfrAk7NAqZshy8UNeTnSKNc/s1600/Bluetooth-keyboard-controls-dancing-hexapod-1.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Hacks and Mods: Bluetooth Keyboard Controls Dancing Hexapod" border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi067LxIAgNr_ZSQtTDwUDGFVzfPw8YpEIFz6p1GStzagOcpG3HnaGc-Dlpo47rLXMA0TFVD9yA7tdm77eqswTyqvjzBSMZ5vE5ufTw8Ao5qLmJCgjz2GIJMfrAk7NAqZshy8UNeTnSKNc/s400/Bluetooth-keyboard-controls-dancing-hexapod-1.jpg" title="Hacks and Mods: Bluetooth Keyboard Controls Dancing Hexapod" width="400" /></a></div>
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Most of the bots  in the market are  not controlled by Bluetooth except this bot. It’s  amazing how this bot  dances while controlling the Bluetooth keyboard and  a lot of fun to  watch for robot fanatics.<br />
In spite the advantages of  bots, it can shut down if operation failed  therefore failure on its  task. Then back to basics must always be a  backup.</div>
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Source by : <a href="http://streampowers.blogspot.com/2012/08/bluetooth-keyboard-controls-dancing.html" target="_blank">Streampowers </a></div>
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Bluetooth Keyboard Controls Dancing Hexapod

Presently, production of robots of different types and functions are rapidly created to help people make their life easier. We can ...

Hard Disk Selector

Computer Related 03:53

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In  the last few years, the available range of operating systems for PCs   has increased dramatically. Various free (!) operating systems have been   added to the list, such as BeOS, OpenBSD and Linux. These systems are   also available in different colours and ﬂavours (versions and   distributions). Windows is also no longer simply Windows, because there   are now several different versions (Windows 95, 98, ME, NT, XP, Vista   and 7). Computer users thus have a large variety of options with regard   to the operating system to be used. One problem is that not all  hardware  works equally well under the various operating systems, and  with regard  to software, compatibility is far from being universal. In  other words,  it’s difficult to make a good choice.<br />
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<img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5712003343335471762" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-JTO0Ks_g0Gw/T0UcxvtaupI/AAAAAAAAFq8/z3ntO8__27w/s400/Hard_Disk_Selector_Circuit.jpg" style="display: block; height: 365px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 400px;" /><br />
Switching  from one operating system to another - that’s a risky  business, isn’t  it? Although this may be a bit of an exaggeration, the  safest approach  is still to install two different operating systems on  the same PC, so  you can always easily use the ‘old’ operating system if  the new one  fails to meet your needs (or suit your taste). A software  solution is  often used for such a ‘dual system’. A program called a  ‘boot manager’  can be used to allow the user to choose, during the  start-up process,  which hard disk will be used for starting up the  computer.  Unfortunately, this does not always work ﬂawlessly, and in  most cases  this boot manager is replaced by the standard boot loader of  the  operating system when a new operating system is installed.<br />
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In  many cases, the only remedy is to reinstall the software. The  solution  presented here does not suffer from this problem. It is a  hardware  solution that causes the primary and secondary hard disk  drives to ‘swap  places’ when the computer is started up, if so desired.  From the  perspective of the computer (and the software running on the  computer),  it appears as though these two hard disks have actually  changed places.  This trick is made possible by a feature of the IDE  specification called  ‘CableSelect’. Every IDE hard disk can be  conﬁgured to use either  Master/Slave or CableSelect. In the latter  case, a signal on the IDE  cable tells the hard disk whether it is to  act as the master or slave  device. For this reason, in every IDE cable  one lead is interrupted  between the connectors for the two disk drives,  or the relevant pin is  omitted from the connector.<br />
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<img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5712003350272836274" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-c61XyhPCPoU/T0UcyJjagrI/AAAAAAAAFrY/YBaP_gS-Eec/s400/Parts_Layout_Hard_Disk_Selector_Circuit_Diagram.gif" style="display: block; height: 332px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 400px;" /><br />
This  causes a low level to be present on the CS pin of one of the  drives and  a high level to be present on the CS pin of the other one  (at the far  end of the cable). The circuit shown here is connected to  the IDE bus of  the motherboard via connector K1. Most of the signals  are fed directly  from K1 to the other connectors (K2 and K3). An IDE  hard disk is  connected to K2, and a second one is connected to K3. When  the computer  is switched on or reset, a pulse will appear on the RESET  line of the  IDE interface. This pulse clocks ﬂip-ﬂop IC1a, and  depending on the  state of switch S1, the Q output will go either high  or low. The state  on the Q output is naturally always the opposite of  that on the Q  output. If we assume that the switch is closed during  start-up, a low  level will be present on D input of IC1a, so the Q  output will be low  following the reset pulse.<br />
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<img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5712003341760438658" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Z1t9nkfpVxs/T0Ucxp15oYI/AAAAAAAAFrI/05uWg7fy6to/s400/Hard_Disk_Selector_Circuit_Diagram.gif" style="display: block; height: 400px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 283px;" /><br />
This  low level on the Q output will cause transistor T1 to conduct. The   current flowing through T1 will cause LED D1 to light up and  transistor  T2 to conduct. The hard disk attached to connector K2 will  thus see a  low level on its CS pin, which will cause it to act as the  master drive  and thus appear to the computer as the C: drive. A high  level will  appear on the Q output following the reset pulse. This will  prevent T3  and T4 from conducting, with the consequence that LED D2  will be  extinguished and the hard disk attached to connector K3 will  see a high  level on its CS pin. For this disk, this indicates that it  is to act as a  slave drive (D: drive).<br />
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<img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5712003386041264162" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ric8VpWi-D8/T0Uc0OzRaCI/AAAAAAAAFrg/Hfsik2Q1wOw/s400/PCB_Layout_Hard_Disk_Selector_Circuit_Diagram.gif" style="display: block; height: 331px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 400px;" /><br />
If  S1 is open when the reset pulse occurs, the above situation is of   course reversed, and the hard disk attached to connector K2 will act as   the D: drive, while the hard disk attached to connector K3 will act as   the C: drive. Flip-ﬂop IC1a is included here to prevent the hard disks   from swapping roles during use. This could have disastrous consequences   for the data on the hard disks, and it would most likely cause the   computer to crash. This means that you do not have to worry about   affecting the operation of the computer if you change the switch setting   while the computer is running. The state of the ﬂip-ﬂop, and thus the   configuration of the hard disks, can only be changed during a reset.<br />
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The  circuit is powered from a power connector for a 3.5-inch drive.  This  advantage of using this connector is that it easily ﬁts onto a  standard  4-way header. However, you must observe the correct polarity  when  attaching the connector. The red lead must be connected to pin 1.   Constructing the hard disk selector is easy if the illustrated printed   circuit board is used. You will need three IDE cables to connect the   circuit. The best idea is to use short cables with only two connectors,   with all pins connected 1:1 (no interruption in the CS line). The IDE   connector on the motherboard is connected to K1 using one cable. A cable   then runs from K2 to first hard disk, and another cable runs from K3  to  the second hard disk. This means that it is not possible to connect   more than two hard disks to this circuit. You must also ensure that the   jumpers of both disk drives are conﬁgured for CableSelect. To find out   how to do this, refer to the user manual(s) for the drives</div>
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Source by : <a href="http://streampowers.blogspot.com/2012/08/hard-disk-selector.html" target="_blank">Streampowers </a></div>
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Hard Disk Selector

In the last few years, the available range of operating systems for PCs has increased dramatically. Various free (!) operating syst...

Upgrade Your USB Hub

Computer Related 03:53

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Problems  can arise with USB hubs that are powered from a PC when gadgets   plugged into them draw too much current. This is often the case with   devices fitted with USB cables that are too long or too thin, causing   voltage drop. There’s no need to scrap your old USB hub, however, if you   upgrade it using this little circuit and an external power supply.  Just  cut the 5-V power wire of the USB cable inside the hub and solder a   diode (D1) in the pass-through direction. Now connect the 5 V wire  from  the external power supply to the cathode of this diode. D1  prevents any  current from the power supply from flowing back into the  PC.</div>
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Source by : <a href="http://streampowers.blogspot.com/2012/08/upgrade-your-usb-hub.html" target="_blank">Streampowers</a></div>
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Upgrade Your USB Hub

Problems can arise with USB hubs that are powered from a PC when gadgets plugged into them draw too much current. This is often th...

Your PC Needs Some Illumination

Computer Related 03:49

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<b>Try  to lighten up you PC by using LED flex lights to surround the  casing.  The result will be much appreciated when the room is dark. The  chain is  housed in rubber plastic which makes more light to be projected  out  right angles as if some miracle is happening inside the PC.</b></div>
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<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-fH0u3IjzokU/T6q7n39LHwI/AAAAAAAAGSI/34nQtVMvJGU/s1600/pcilu.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Hacks and Mods: Your PC Needs Some Illumination" border="0" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-fH0u3IjzokU/T6q7n39LHwI/AAAAAAAAGSI/34nQtVMvJGU/s1600/pcilu.jpg" title="Hacks and Mods: Your PC Needs Some Illumination" /></a></div>
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You can choose which color to use or  what you wish to blend with the  design of your room. The LED strips are  very flexible and customizable  which makes them popular. It is very  easy to install these strips by  using Velcro strips of adhesive  backing. You may also use the LED strips  in any part of your room like  the hairdresser mirror. Click <a href="http://www.bit-tech.net/modding/guides/2012/02/02/illuminate-your-pc-part-1/1" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">here</a> to visit the project page.</div>
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Source by : <a href="http://streampowers.blogspot.com/2012/08/your-pc-needs-some-illumination.html" target="_blank">Streampowers </a></div>
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Your PC Needs Some Illumination

Try to lighten up you PC by using LED flex lights to surround the casing. The result will be much appreciated when the room is dark...

USB Keyboard Made from Old Typewriter

Computer Related 04:38

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<b>Looking for a unique gift? Here’s an antique typewriter which has been modified to function as a USB Keyboard for PC, Mac, or even iPad. That’s very cool, isn’t it?</b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgezm5E4KfdqAbyLApWsnwKEyvJuCjOFfa6fyzdIlmAwd9HUU1iRQ7Jwil45mMf77f60s8nXtr8usKh9PMC0LSx530B1qs29w9zT_-RJTVJXahgUpsu2b7XUMCh0OTlvRYKBthkoete82Q/s1600/usb-keyboard-made-from-old-typewriter-1.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Hacks and Mods: USB Keyboard Made from Old Typewriter" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgezm5E4KfdqAbyLApWsnwKEyvJuCjOFfa6fyzdIlmAwd9HUU1iRQ7Jwil45mMf77f60s8nXtr8usKh9PMC0LSx530B1qs29w9zT_-RJTVJXahgUpsu2b7XUMCh0OTlvRYKBthkoete82Q/s1600/usb-keyboard-made-from-old-typewriter-1.jpg" title="Hacks and Mods: USB Keyboard Made from Old Typewriter" /></a></div>
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In  the world of obsolescence,  this USB typewriter is a groundbreaking  innovation. It does not change  the outward appearance of the typewriter  and is easy to install since  there is no messy wiring. The 3 components  of the USB typewriter are  the Sensor board, the USB switches, and the  Reed Switches.<br />
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It works like a regular typewriter with all  letters, numerals, and  punctuation marks as well as shift, space, and  return carriage. It’s a  better addition to your home office.</div>
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USB Keyboard Made from Old Typewriter

Looking for a unique gift? Here’s an antique typewriter which has been modified to function as a USB Keyboard for PC, Mac, or even iPa...

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