Supreem Circuits Diagram and Projects: Generator

PWM Generator Schematic

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
PWM waveforms are commonly used to control the speed of DC motors. The  mark /space ratio of the digital wave-form can be defined either by  using an adjustable analogue voltage level (in the case of a NE555 based  PWM generator) or digitally using binary values. Digitally derived PWM  waveforms are most often produced by the timer/counter modules in  microcontrollers but if you do not want to include a<span style="font-size: medium;"> </span>microcontroller  in your circuit it’s also quite simple to generate the signals using  discrete logic components. An extension of the circuit shown can  pro-duce two PWM waveforms from an 8-bit digital input word. Each signal  has 15 val-ues. The 8-bit word can be produced for example from an  expansion board fitted in a PC or from an 8-bit port of a processor  which does not have built-in PWM capability or from a laptop’s printer  port.<br />
<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-size: medium;">Discrete PWM Generator Circuit Diagram</span></b><br />
<br />
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<img alt="Discrete PWM Generator " border="0" height="311" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-mCl-JCW8JoQ/URFjH8vhrzI/AAAAAAAAL84/8qqW88LV9d8/s400/Discrete+PWM+Generator+Circuit+Diagram.png" title="Discrete PWM Generator Circuit Diagram" width="400" /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br />
<br />
The mark/space ratio is only programmable up to 15/16 rather  than 16/16; a binary input of 0000 produces a continuous low on both  outputs turning both motors off. Similar circuits often employ a  dedicated ‘enable’ input to turn the motors off but it is not necessary  in this design.<br />
<br />
The diagram shows the circuitry required to  produce just one waveform. For the full two channel circuit it is  necessary to use an additional 74HC193. The clock signal produced by the  HCF4060 generator can be used to drive both channels and the free flip  flop in the 74HC74 package can be used for the second channel (the  corresponding pin numbers are shown in brackets). Alto-gether the entire  two channel circuit can be built using just four ICs.</div>
</div>

PWM Generator Schematic

PWM waveforms are commonly used to control the speed of DC motors. The mark /space ratio of the digital wave-form can be defined either b...

Mini Generator High Voltage 1.5 Volts using stack - Shock Machine

Generator 23:53

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Ever wondered build a high voltage generator powered only by a battery of 1.5 Volts? Well, this circuit described herein, taken from the website Indestructible is able to do this. It generates a voltage of about 450 volts, enough to give a very nasty shock. Before thinking of doing this project, read our disclaimer. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The most critical component in this circuit is the transformer, it is used in flashes of cameras. This transformer is a ferrite with five pins. The ferrite transformer must have five-pin, if the processor has 4 or 6 pins, it will not work for this project. But you make an adjustment if you have experience in electronics.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
High Voltage Generator Circuit Diagram</h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMhOyzNqyiIYxViK0x_PIJwn0KQC99u8jGFmoWi2P__gHIJNh8mxnd1p0_ZYtf7C1CQYg1VSfWA3bw6dZhqPCN65vp9m6K5ll2NkKwpl3KU4awJmKnGVlG4ToLLMBTyY2VregS2ourxwYA/s1600/High+Voltage+Generator+Circuit+Diagram.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMhOyzNqyiIYxViK0x_PIJwn0KQC99u8jGFmoWi2P__gHIJNh8mxnd1p0_ZYtf7C1CQYg1VSfWA3bw6dZhqPCN65vp9m6K5ll2NkKwpl3KU4awJmKnGVlG4ToLLMBTyY2VregS2ourxwYA/s1600/High+Voltage+Generator+Circuit+Diagram.jpg" width="556" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>List of components</b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Resistor 220 Ohm 1/8 Watt</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Resistor 100 Ohm 1/8 Watt</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Capacitor 22NF x 400 or 500 Volts (film)</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Ferrite transformer with five-pin</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Diode Rectifier 1000 Volts - Almost all types will work</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Common NPN transistor - Almost all types will work</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
red LED</div>
</div>

Mini Generator High Voltage 1.5 Volts using stack - Shock Machine

Ever wondered build a high voltage generator powered only by a battery of 1.5 Volts? Well, this circuit described herein, taken from the w...

A Simple Function Generator

Generator 01:21

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsW8NaJuZ_FzNnf6MsO7jSLOONbRvE7TR7WaI3ZW8xV_Qoa5mGF31DbYByOhD5iQGRs6foAmOn6iJD9bbS8e0p1nrVJ5hSrb-D-afWilH2IrGyH764WE9hJ26svoxmRlitlmpE7UaBcRq9/s1600/A+Simple+Function+Generator.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsW8NaJuZ_FzNnf6MsO7jSLOONbRvE7TR7WaI3ZW8xV_Qoa5mGF31DbYByOhD5iQGRs6foAmOn6iJD9bbS8e0p1nrVJ5hSrb-D-afWilH2IrGyH764WE9hJ26svoxmRlitlmpE7UaBcRq9/s1600/A+Simple+Function+Generator.jpg" width="326" /></a></div>
<br />
<br />
<div style="margin: 0px 20px;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">This is a     simple function generator circuit that can produce the following     waveforms: square wave, triangular wave, and sine wave.</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 20px;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">       </span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 20px;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">The     circuit's main components are two 1458 IC's.  The 1458 is a     dual op-amp IC, i.e., an IC that houses two op     amps inside it.  The circuit uses four op amps, two from     each 1458. </span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 20px;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">      </span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 20px;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">The     bottom-most op amp in Figure 1 is configured as an astable     multivibrator, which continuously generates a square wave.      Assume that C1 has no charge initially. The voltage at the inverting     input is zero, while the voltage at the non-inverting input is very     slightly positive (a ratio of the op amp's output offset voltage as     determined by R1 and R2). This minute voltage difference at the inputs     is enough to cause the op amp's output to swing to 'high'.</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 20px;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">      </span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 20px;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">When the     output becomes high, C1 starts charging up. The voltage at the     inverting input soon exceeds that at the non-inverting input,     forcing the output to swing to 'low', which discharges C1 again.      At a certain point, the voltage at the non-inverting input exceeds     that at the inverting input again, and the output of the op amp goes     high again.</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 20px;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">       </span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 20px;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">This     cycle wherein the first op amp's output swings between 'low' and     'high' goes on indefinitely, generating the square wave.</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 20px;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">      </span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 20px;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">The two     middle op-amps are both configured as    integrators. The input to the     second op amp is the square wave output of the first op amp.      Being configured as an integrator, this op amp outputs a triangular     wave (the integral of a square wave), as shown in Figure 1.     </span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 20px;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">        </span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 20px;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">The     triangular wave output of the second op amp is then fed into the     third op amp, which is also configured as an integrator.  The     output of the third op amp is a sine wave (the integral of a     triangular wave).</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 20px;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">       </span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 20px;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">The sine     wave output of the third op amp is fed into the fourth op amp, which     is configured as an inverting amplifier. The output of this last op     amp is also a sine wave but opposite in phase as its input. </span></div>
</div>
</div>

A Simple Function Generator

This is a simple function generator circuit that can produce the following waveforms: square wave, triangular wave, and sine ...

PWM Generator Schematic

Mini Generator High Voltage 1.5 Volts using stack - Shock Machine

A Simple Function Generator

Receive all updates via Facebook. Just Click the Like Button Below...